1Express ideas fluently and precisely
2Use language flexibly at work and in study
3Understand long, demanding texts
The subjunctive follows verbs of opinion and doubt: Penso che lui sia a casa.
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Start lessonTopic 02
Congiuntivo imperfetto
LockedUsed after past main verbs and in unreal wishes: Vorrei che tu venissi.
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Hypothetical period
LockedSe + imperfect subjunctive + conditional for possible, se + trapassato + conditional perfect for…
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LockedTopic 04
Passato remoto
LockedThe passato remoto is used for distant past events, especially in writing: Dante nacque nel 1265…
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LockedTopic 05
Gerund and participle
LockedThe gerund expresses time or manner: Camminando, ho incontrato un amico.
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LockedTopic 06
Nominalisation
LockedVerbs become nouns in formal texts: decidere → la decisione, migliorare → il miglioramento.
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LockedTopic 07
Complex connectors
Lockedsebbene (+ subjunctive), purché, a meno che, nonostante express concession and condition.
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LockedTopic 08
Formal register
LockedUse Lei and the polite conditional: Potrebbe aiutarmi? Le sarei grato.
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LockedTopic 09
Idiomatic expressions
LockedFixed phrases: in bocca al lupo (good luck), costare un occhio della testa (to cost a fortune).
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LockedTopic 10
Pronominal verbs
LockedVerbs with ne, ci and si: andarsene, farcela, cavarsela.
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LockedTopic 11
Cohesion devices
LockedLinking adverbs: pertanto, tuttavia, inoltre, dunque organise arguments.
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LockedTopic 12
Style and register
LockedWritten Italian prefers nouns and the passive; spoken Italian prefers verbs.
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